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Contagious Agalactia In Sheep And Goats: Current Perspectives
1Université de Lyon, ANSES, Laboratoire de Lyon, VetAgro Sup, UMR Mycoplasmoses des Ruminants, Lyon 69364, France.
Veterinary Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)
|January 11, 2020
Summary
Contagious agalactia (CA), a widespread disease in small ruminants caused by Mycoplasma species, presents diagnostic and control challenges. This review highlights progress and identifies knowledge gaps for improved disease management and animal welfare.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Microbiology
- Animal Health
Background:
- Contagious agalactia (CA) is a significant disease affecting sheep and goats globally.
- Caused by four Mycoplasma species, CA manifests with diverse clinical signs including mastitis, arthritis, and pneumonia.
- Underdiagnosis is common due to expensive and complex diagnostic tests.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on contagious agalactia.
- To highlight recent advancements in understanding and managing CA.
- To identify gaps in diagnostic tools and control strategies.
Main Methods:
- Comprehensive literature review of contagious agalactia.
- Analysis of Mycoplasma species, clinical presentations, and epidemiology.
- Evaluation of diagnostic methods, treatment options, and control measures.
Main Results:
- CA is prevalent worldwide, affecting small ruminant populations.
- Disease presentation varies based on host species, Mycoplasma strain, and husbandry.
- Antimicrobial resistance and host immune evasion contribute to disease persistence.
- Asymptomatic carriers and multiple infection sources facilitate rapid spread.
Conclusions:
- Effective CA control requires integrated strategies including vaccination, chemotherapy, and herd management.
- Genetic plasticity of Mycoplasma species poses challenges for treatment and prevention.
- Further research is needed to develop better diagnostics and control tools.
- Addressing CA is crucial for improving small ruminant welfare and productivity.
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