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Related Concept Videos

Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Deciphering Axonal Pathways of Genetically Defined Groups of Neurons in the Chick Neural Tube Utilizing in ovo Electroporation
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Alternative splicing programming of axon formation.

Sika Zheng1

  • 1Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|January 11, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Alternative pre-mRNA splicing is crucial for brain development, regulating processes like neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. This study highlights its instructive role in axon formation, a neuron-specific process requiring coordinated splicing events.

Keywords:
Axon guidanceCELFNOVAPTBPRBFOX

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Alternative pre-mRNA splicing generates diverse mRNA isoforms from a single gene.
  • While splicing regulation is known, its physiological importance, especially in the brain, is increasingly recognized.
  • Brain development and function rely heavily on pervasive and conserved alternative splicing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of alternative splicing in axon formation, a unique neuronal characteristic.
  • To demonstrate how alternative splicing instructs each step of axon development.
  • To synthesize evidence showing the necessity of specific splicing events for complex processes like axon formation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of genetic, molecular, and cellular studies on alternative splicing regulators.
  • Analysis of alternative splicing's involvement in neurogenesis, neuronal migration, synaptogenesis, and neuronal activity homeostasis.
  • Focus on recent investigations into alternative splicing's role in axonogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Alternative splicing regulation is pervasive and conserved in the brain.
  • Key brain development and function aspects are modulated by alternative splicing.
  • Evidence indicates alternative splicing plays an instructive role in axon formation.

Conclusions:

  • Axon formation, a complex and neuron-exclusive process, necessitates highly coordinated and specific alternative splicing events.
  • Alternative splicing is integral to multiple stages of neuronal development and function.
  • Understanding alternative splicing's role provides insights into neural development and potential therapeutic targets.