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T Operator Bounds on Angle-Integrated Absorption and Thermal Radiation for Arbitrary Objects.

Sean Molesky1, Weiliang Jin2, Prashanth S Venkataram1

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This summary is machine-generated.

This study establishes fundamental limits on thermal radiation and absorption for any object, considering material properties and size. The findings reveal how absorptivity transitions from volume to area scaling with object size.

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Area of Science:

  • Electromagnetism and Optics
  • Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Understanding thermal radiation and absorption is crucial for energy applications and thermal management.
  • Existing models often simplify object geometry and material properties, limiting their applicability.
  • The interplay between material properties, object size, and radiative efficiency requires a unified theoretical framework.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To derive fundamental, per-channel bounds on absorption and thermal radiation for arbitrarily structured bodies.
  • To incorporate both material passivity constraints and geometric size limitations into these bounds.
  • To analyze the derived bounds in practical scenarios and compare them with existing limits and optimized structures.

Main Methods:

  • Derivation of fundamental bounds using scattering T operator formalism.
  • Analysis of bounds considering material susceptibility and bounding region.
  • Comparison with prior theoretical limits and topology-optimized structures in specific settings.

Main Results:

  • Established fundamental per-channel bounds on absorption and thermal radiation for arbitrary bodies.
  • Simultaneously encoded per-volume polarization limits (passivity) and geometric radiative efficiency constraints.
  • Demonstrated accurate capture of the transition from volume scaling (subwavelength objects) to area scaling (ray optics) of absorptivity.

Conclusions:

  • The derived bounds provide a comprehensive theoretical framework for analyzing radiative properties of objects.
  • The results reconcile theoretical limits with observed physical phenomena across different size regimes.
  • This work offers insights for designing materials and structures with tailored thermal radiation and absorption characteristics.