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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

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Neighborhood networks and program participation.

Daniel Grossman1, Umair Khalil2

  • 1Department of Economics, Box 6025, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506-6025, United States.

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Social interactions influence Medicaid enrollment for pregnant women. When neighbors use Medicaid for prenatal care, expectant mothers are more likely to enroll, especially young, first-time mothers.

Keywords:
MedicaidNetworksPeer effectsProgram participation

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Medicaid is a crucial program for maternal healthcare access.
  • Understanding social influences on program participation is vital for improving health equity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of social interactions on Medicaid participation among pregnant women.
  • To determine if peer effects influence enrollment in maternal healthcare programs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized geographically fine vital statistics data.
  • Exploited variation in Medicaid use among recently pregnant mothers within census blocks.
  • Applied econometric methods to assess social network effects on current pregnant women's participation.

Main Results:

  • Pregnant women are more likely to use Medicaid benefits, including prenatal care, if previously pregnant women in their census block also received similar benefits.
  • Social network effects on Medicaid participation are more pronounced for young, first-time mothers.
  • These effects are stronger in neighborhoods with lower initial knowledge of welfare programs.

Conclusions:

  • Social interactions and peer effects significantly influence Medicaid participation among pregnant women.
  • Targeted outreach in areas with low welfare program knowledge may enhance Medicaid enrollment.
  • Findings highlight the importance of social networks in shaping access to essential maternal healthcare services.