Catalytic combustion performances, kinetics, reaction mechanisms and gas emissions of Lentinus edodes

This study aimed to quantify the catalytic effects of CaO, Fe₂O₃, and their blend on the Lentinus edodes stipe (LES) and pileus (LEP) combustion performances, kinetics and emissions in bioenergy generation. Apparent activation energy (E_a) of LES and LEP increased with CaO, decreased with Fe₂O₃ and differed with their blend. The catalysts mainly affected the maximum intensity of volatiles combustion and partly the fixed carbon combustion. CaO, Fe₂O₃, and their blend decreased the release intensity of NO_x from the LES combustion. Fe₂O₃ increased SO₂ emission, while CaO, and the blend narrowed the emission temperature to the range of 200 to 450 °C. Kinetic triplets were estimated via the integral master-plots methods, and the best-fit reaction for the three sub-stages were obtained coupled with the model-free models. Our study provides a reference for the catalyzed biomass combustion in terms of pollution control, bioenergy generation, optimal design of incinerator, and industrial-scale application.