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Pakistan: country report on children's environmental health

Muhammad Mansoor Majeed1, Asfa Munir2

  • 1Department of Oral Biology, Altamash Institute of Dental Medicine, Karachi, Pakistan.

Reviews on Environmental Health
|January 12, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Children in Pakistan face numerous environmental health risks due to a weak healthcare system. Key issues include polio, extensively drug-resistant typhoid, and rising human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rates, alongside dengue and cholera.

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pakistan, a developing nation, has a significant child population vulnerable to environmental hazards.
  • Inadequate healthcare infrastructure, especially in rural regions, exacerbates these risks.
  • The country faces a high burden of maternal, fetal, and child mortality globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the diverse environmental health challenges confronting children in Pakistan.
  • To highlight the prevalence of infectious diseases and environmental exposures impacting child health.
  • To inform discussions on children's environmental health at a regional meeting.

Main Methods:

  • The study is based on a report presented at the Regional Meeting on Children's Environmental Health.
  • It synthesizes existing data and observations on environmental health issues in Pakistan.
  • Information covers infectious diseases, pollution, sanitation, and occupational hazards.

Main Results:

  • Persistent polio cases due to various socio-political and logistical factors.
  • Widespread extensively drug-resistant typhoid, signaling global antibiotic resistance concerns.
  • Alarming increase in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence.
  • Significant burden of dengue fever with substantial child mortality.
  • High incidence of cholera linked to poor sanitation and hygiene.
  • Prevalence of respiratory diseases from pollution and pesticide exposure.
  • Other issues include diarrhea and occupational hazards from child labor.

Conclusions:

  • Children in Pakistan are disproportionately affected by a range of environmental health threats.
  • Urgent interventions are needed to address infectious diseases, pollution, and sanitation issues.
  • Strengthening the healthcare system and improving living conditions are critical for child well-being.

Keywords:
Asia PacificPakistanchildrenenvironmental health

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