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Toxocariasis and nephrotic syndrome
Yosra Ben Ariba1, Rim Abid1, Riadh Battikh1
1Department of Internal Medicine, Military Hospital of Tunis, Montfleury, Tunis, Tunisia.
Summary
Toxocariasis, a parasitic infection, rarely causes nephrotic syndrome in adults. This case highlights the importance of considering toxocariasis in unexplained nephrotic syndrome, with successful treatment using prednisone and albendazole.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Nephrotic syndrome is a complex kidney disorder often with unclear etiology.
- Toxocariasis is a parasitic infection typically affecting children, rarely causing significant renal impairment in adults.
Observation:
- A case of an adult woman presenting with nephrotic syndrome is described.
- Elevated Toxocara-specific immunoglobulin M titers confirmed the parasitic infection.
- Renal biopsy was precluded due to a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time.
Findings:
- The patient received a combination treatment of prednisone and albendazole.
- Treatment led to partial remission of renal symptoms.
- The toxocariasis infection showed abatement following the therapeutic intervention.
Implications:
- This case represents one of the few documented instances of adult-onset nephrotic syndrome linked to toxocariasis.
- It underscores the potential for toxocariasis to manifest as glomerular disease in adults.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms connecting toxocariasis and renal impairment.
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