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Kilohertz high-frequency alternating current blocks nerve conduction without causing nerve damage in rats.

Dandan Ling¹, Junjie Luo¹, Mengying Wang¹

¹Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.

Annals of Translational Medicine

|January 14, 2020

Summary

High-frequency alternating current effectively blocks nerve conduction in rats without causing damage. The optimal blocking frequency is inversely related to the sciatic nerve

Keywords:

Nerve block electrical stimulation high frequency kilohertz frequency nerve block nerve conduction

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Biomedical Engineering
Electrophysiology

Background:

High-frequency alternating current (2-50 kHz) shows potential for nerve block based on simulations and in vitro studies.
Previous research primarily relied on theoretical models or laboratory experiments.
In vivo validation was needed to confirm efficacy and safety in a living organism.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the nerve block efficacy of kilohertz alternating current in a live rat model.
To identify the key parameters influencing nerve conduction blockade.
To assess the safety and potential for nerve damage following stimulation.

Main Methods:

Sciatic nerve stimulation in rats using high-frequency biphasic rectangular pulses.
Recording compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude to assess nerve block.
Measuring sciatic nerve diameter and circumference using ultrasound.
Evaluating nerve damage via CMAP, nerve conduction velocity (NCV), and histological analysis (H&E staining).

Main Results:

Nerve blockade occurred within a specific frequency range; frequencies outside this range resulted in partial effects.
A significant negative linear correlation was found between blocking frequency and sciatic nerve circumference (P<0.05).
Histological examination revealed no axon or myelin sheath damage, and subsequent CMAP/NCV measurements confirmed no nerve injury.

Conclusions:

Kilohertz alternating current stimulation effectively blocks nerve conduction in vivo.
The complete nerve block frequency is dependent on and inversely correlated with sciatic nerve circumference.
High-frequency electrical stimulation is a safe method for nerve blockade, causing no discernible nerve damage.