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Related Experiment Videos

Immunomodulation by pulmonary surfactant.

A Catanzaro1, P Richman, S Batcher

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, San Diego 92103-1990.

The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine
|December 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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Human surfactant from amniotic fluid (HAFS) suppresses lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer (NK) cell activity. This immunomodulatory effect, primarily from the lipid fraction, suggests surfactant

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Pulmonology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Canine pulmonary surfactant is known to modulate T and B cell responses in vitro.
  • Surfactant's potential interference with lymphocyte proliferation has been hypothesized due to its effects on cell proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the immunomodulatory effects of human amniotic fluid surfactant (HAFS) on human lymphocyte proliferation and natural killer (NK) cell activity.
  • To determine the cellular targets and active components of HAFS responsible for its immunomodulatory properties.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed HAFS inhibition of human lymphocyte proliferation induced by PPD, allogeneic lymphocytes, and suboptimal phytohemagglutinin.
  • Evaluated HAFS effects on NK cell-mediated lysis of K562 target cells.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fractionated HAFS into lipid and protein components to identify the active moiety; performed washout experiments to determine cellular targets.

    • Main Results:

    • HAFS significantly inhibited lymphocyte proliferation in response to PPD and allogeneic lymphocytes.
    • HAFS demonstrated potent inhibition of NK cell-induced lysis, reducing it by 70-95%.
    • The immunosuppressive activity resided in the lipid fraction of HAFS, with minimal activity in the protein fraction; action was confirmed on NK cells.

    Conclusions:

    • Human amniotic fluid surfactant possesses significant immunomodulatory properties, suppressing both lymphocyte proliferation and NK cell activity.
    • The lipid component of surfactant is primarily responsible for these immunosuppressive effects, acting on immune cells.
    • Surfactant may play a protective role in the lungs against excessive immune responses, and its lipid abnormalities could be relevant in pulmonary diseases.