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Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome

Leah Khan

    Pediatric Annals
    |January 14, 2020
    PubMed

    Insights

    Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) affects many infants exposed to opioids. Standardized care and validated assessment tools are needed to improve management and infant outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Neonatal care
    • Pharmacology
    • Public Health

    Background:

    • Opioid use has increased significantly, leading to more in-utero exposures.
    • Infants exposed to opioids in-utero are at high risk for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS).
    • NAS management requires hospitalization for 55% to 94% of affected infants.

    Observation:

    • Current assessment tools like the Finnegan scoring system are not validated and can be difficult to use.
    • There is a lack of standardized care plans for NAS management.
    • Both non-pharmacologic and pharmacologic interventions lack standardization across institutions.

    Findings:

    • Infants with NAS require careful monitoring for withdrawal symptoms.
    • Determining the need for and type of treatment is crucial for NAS management.
    • Preparing infants for discharge requires stabilization and appropriate follow-up.

    Implications:

    • Development of standardized care plans for NAS is essential.
    • Validated and user-friendly assessment tools are needed for accurate NAS diagnosis.
    • Improved management strategies can enhance outcomes for infants with NAS and their families.

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