Pediatric surgical oncology: A brief overview of where we have been and the challenges we face

The evolution of the treatment of pediatric solid tumors has been one of progressive improvements in survival. With the advent of pediatric cooperative groups, a systematic approach has brought integrated multidisciplinary care to childhood cancer patients. Improved medical regimens and advances in the basic understanding and characterization of molecular biology of individual tumors continues to bring new treatment options. As long term survival has improved, a greater appreciation of the late effects of treatment has led to increase awareness and intervention for things like infertility. The surgeon remains a critical member of the treatment team. Surgical treatment techniques continue to evolve and the role of surgery in each tumor type is continually redefined. It is incumbent on the treating surgeon to know the treatment guidelines for each case in order to provide the patient with the best opportunity for a successful outcome.