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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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Colorectal cancer cell-derived exosomes promote proliferation and decrease apoptosis by activating the ERK pathway.

Baochen Wang1,2, Yong Wang3, Zhanfu Yan2

  • 1Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology, Center for Global Health, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing 211166, Jiangsu, P. R. China.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology
|January 15, 2020
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Colorectal cancer (CRC) cell-derived exosomes promote tumor growth by enhancing cell proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis. Targeting these exosomes offers a promising new strategy for CRC treatment.

Keywords:
Colorectal cancerERKexosomestumor growth

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Oncology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Exosomes mediate cell-cell communication and are implicated in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression.
  • The precise mechanisms by which CRC exosomes influence tumor development require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role and mechanisms of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell-derived exosomes in promoting tumor progression.
  • To explore the potential of targeting exosomes for CRC therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of exosome uptake by normal (NCM460) and CRC (Lovo) cells.
  • Assessment of Lovo cell proliferation, apoptosis, and ERK signaling pathway activation upon exposure to Lovo-derived exosomes (Lovo-exo).
  • Evaluation of Lovo-exo's effect on tumor growth *in vivo* and the impact of an exosome inhibitor (GW4869).

Main Results:

  • Lovo-exo exhibited enhanced uptake by Lovo cells, suggesting cell tropism.
  • Lovo-exo promoted Lovo cell proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and increased extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation.
  • Intratumoral administration of GW4869 suppressed tumor growth, confirming the role of exosomes.

Conclusions:

  • CRC cell-derived exosomes act as messengers promoting cancer cell proliferation.
  • Targeting tumor-derived exosomes presents a promising therapeutic avenue for colorectal cancer treatment.