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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

Development and Functionalization of Electrolyte-Gated Graphene Field-Effect Transistor for Biomarker Detection
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Graphene-nucleic acid biointerface-engineered biosensors with tunable dynamic range.

Zhifeng Zhao1, Hao Yang, Wenyue Zhao

  • 1College of Biomass Science and Engineering, Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China. drj17@scu.edu.cn.

Journal of Materials Chemistry. B
|January 15, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed tunable biosensors using graphene and nucleic acids. This innovation allows adjustable detection ranges and sensitivities for applications in diagnostics, food safety, and environmental monitoring.

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Biosensors require tunable quantification range and sensitivity for broader applications.
  • Graphene-nucleic acid biointerfaces offer potential for advanced biosensor development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a graphene-nucleic acid biointerface-based biosensor with tunable dynamic ranges and sensitivities.
  • To demonstrate the programming of biosensor performance by modifying aptamer probe structures.

Main Methods:

  • Developed affinity-tunable aptasensors (atAptasensors) by engineering aptamer probes with tunable poly A tails.
  • Modulated the interaction between aptamer probes and graphene oxide (GO) by altering tail lengths.
  • Utilized competitive binding processes between aptamer probes and GO for target molecule detection.

Main Results:

  • Achieved adjustable dynamic ranges and sensitivities by tuning aptamer probe poly A tail lengths.
  • Extended the dynamic range over three orders of magnitude using multiple aptamer probes.
  • Enhanced aptamer probe specificity by increasing interaction with GO.
  • Demonstrated reliable ATP detection in serum and milk samples.
  • Applied atAptasensors for culture-independent analysis of microorganism pollution.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed atAptasensor provides a versatile platform for tunable molecular detection.
  • This approach significantly broadens the applicability of biosensors in various fields.
  • The ability to program biosensor performance offers a novel strategy for advanced analytical tools.