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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA In situ Hybridization for Formalin Fixed Kidney Tissues
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Cadmium-Induced Renal Cell Toxicity Is Associated With MicroRNA Deregulation.

J Lemaire1, C Van der Hauwaert1,2, G Savary1

  • 1EA 4483-IMPECS-IMPact of Environmental ChemicalS on Human Health, Université de Lille, Lille Cedex, France.

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|January 15, 2020
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Cadmium exposure causes kidney damage by inducing cell death and inflammation. This study identifies specific microRNAs (miRNAs) that are altered, suggesting their role in cadmium-induced kidney injury and potential use as biomarkers.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental toxicology
  • Molecular biology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Cadmium is a nephrotoxic environmental pollutant.
  • Mechanisms of cadmium-induced kidney toxicity are still being investigated.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as key regulators in xenobiotic toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of miRNAs in cadmium-induced renal proximal tubular toxicity.
  • To identify specific miRNAs modulated by cadmium exposure in kidney cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two renal proximal tubular cell models: RPTEC/hTERT and human kidney-2.
  • Assessed cytotoxicity, morphological changes, renal injury markers, apoptosis, and inflammation.
  • Analyzed miRNA expression profiles following cadmium exposure.

Main Results:

  • Cadmium exposure induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis, inflammation, and altered renal injury markers in both cell models.
  • Upregulation of 38 miRNAs was observed in RPTEC/hTERT cells after cadmium exposure.
  • Target genes of upregulated miRNAs are involved in oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and tissue remodeling.

Conclusions:

  • Dysregulated miRNAs are implicated in the pathophysiology of cadmium-induced kidney damage.
  • Identified miRNAs represent potential molecular biomarkers for cadmium toxicity.
  • Further evaluation of these miRNAs is warranted for diagnostic and prognostic applications.