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Interaction between postmenopausal hormone therapy and diabetes on cataract.
Christy Costanian1,2, Marie-Josée Aubin3,4, Ralf Buhrmann5
1School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Menopause (New York, N.Y.)
|January 15, 2020
Summary
Long-term hormone therapy (HT) use combined with type 2 diabetes significantly increases cataract risk in postmenopausal women. This interaction highlights a crucial factor for women managing diabetes and considering HT.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Ophthalmology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Type 2 diabetes is a known risk factor for age-related eye diseases.
- Postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) is used by many women, but its interaction with diabetes concerning eye health is not fully understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential interaction between postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) use and diabetes in the context of age-related eye diseases.
Main Methods:
- Cross-sectional analysis of 15,320 Canadian women aged 45-85 from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
- Data on menopausal status, HT use, diabetes, and eye diseases were collected via self-report.
- Multivariable logistic regression was employed to analyze the associations, adjusting for confounders.
Main Results:
- A significant multiplicative interaction was found between long-term HT use (≥10 years) and type 2 diabetes regarding cataract risk (OR=2.44, 95% CI 1.49-3.99).
- This increased odds of cataract was observed in women with both long-term HT use and type 2 diabetes, but not in long-term HT users without diabetes (OR=1.03, 95% CI 0.87-1.21).
- No significant association was found between HT use and glaucoma or macular degeneration.
Conclusions:
- Long-term hormone therapy (HT) use and type 2 diabetes interact to increase the risk of developing cataracts.
- This finding warrants confirmation, and if validated, women with type 2 diabetes should be counseled about the elevated cataract risk associated with long-term HT use.
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