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Is consanguinity an impediment to child development?

Cem Mete1, Laurent Bossavie1, John Giles1,2

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PubMed
Summary

Consanguineous unions, or marriages between relatives, are common in South Asia. This study reveals that children born from these unions experience significant negative impacts on cognitive and physical development, even more than previously thought.

Keywords:
cognitive testsconsanguineous marriagesdisabilitieshousehold decision-makingmalnutrition

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Consanguineous unions are prevalent in several regions, including South Asia.
  • Previous research suggests potential adverse effects of consanguinity on child development.
  • Assessing these effects is complex due to socio-economic factors influencing marriage decisions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the link between consanguinity and child development in rural Pakistan.
  • To address the endogeneity of consanguinity in relation to socio-economic factors.
  • To quantify the impact of consanguinity on cognitive and physical development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a unique dataset from rural Pakistan.
  • Employed instrumental variables: grandfathers' land ownership and maternal grandparent mortality.
  • Analyzed the effects of endogenous consanguinity on child development outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Children from consanguineous unions exhibit lower cognitive scores.
  • These children also show reduced height-for-age and a higher incidence of severe stunting.
  • Adverse effects are amplified when accounting for the endogeneity of consanguinity.

Conclusions:

  • Consanguinity has substantial negative impacts on children's cognitive and physical development.
  • The adverse effects are likely underestimated in studies not accounting for endogeneity.
  • Findings highlight the critical need for interventions addressing the consequences of consanguinity.