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Updated: Dec 31, 2025

A Novel Bioreactor for High Density Cultivation of Diverse Microbial Communities

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Published on: December 25, 2015

Density-Based Separation of Microbial Functional Groups in Activated Sludge.

Lin Li¹, Yaqi You¹, Krishna Pagilla¹

¹Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA.

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

|January 16, 2020

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Activated sludge solids density impacts wastewater treatment. Density-based separation effectively enriches key microbial groups like polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), improving treatment processes.

Keywords:

FISH activated sludge ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB)density-based separation enrichment of microbial functional groups nitrite-oxidizing bacterial (NOB)phosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs)qPCR

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Area of Science:

Environmental Microbiology
Environmental Engineering
Biotechnology

Background:

Understanding activated sludge (AS) solids density is crucial for optimizing wastewater treatment.
Microbial functional groups, such as polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs), may exhibit varying biomass densities due to intracellular inclusions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the influence of activated sludge solids density on microbial functional group enrichment.
To develop and apply a density-based separation approach for separating microbial communities in wastewater treatment.

Main Methods:

Density-based separation applied to suspended growth activated sludge from two full-scale water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs).
Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) used to analyze microbial populations.
Correlation of microbial enrichment with WRRF process functionalities and biomass density.

Main Results:

Density-based separation successfully enriched key microbial functional groups, including ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and PAOs, by up to 90-fold.
Maximum enrichment occurred in sludge fractions denser than 1.036 g/cm³ for enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) facilities and lighter than 1.030 g/cm³ for non-EBPR facilities.
WRRF process type significantly influences the effectiveness of density-based enrichment.

Conclusions:

Biomass density is a key factor in the enrichment of specific microbial functional groups within activated sludge.
Density-based separation offers a promising strategy for enhancing microbial communities for improved wastewater treatment performance and settleability.
Findings contribute to the design of advanced biological treatment processes.