Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Socioemotional Development during Infancy01:30

Socioemotional Development during Infancy

357
Socio-emotional development in infancy is primarily shaped by early emotional responses and social connections, with temperament playing a central role. Temperament refers to the consistent patterns in an individual's emotional and behavioral responses, observable even in infancy. By examining temperament, researchers can better understand an infant's unique ways of interacting with the world, influencing subsequent personality and socio-emotional growth.
Primary Temperament Types
357
Nonconscious Mimicry01:13

Nonconscious Mimicry

5.0K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
5.0K
Personality Theory by Eysenck and Eysenck01:29

Personality Theory by Eysenck and Eysenck

1.1K
Hans and Sybil Eysenck developed a widely recognized theory of personality, which emphasizes the role of temperament and genetically based differences in shaping individual traits. Their theory posits that biological factors primarily determine personality and can be understood through two main dimensions: extroversion/introversion and neuroticism/stability.
In the extroversion/introversion dimension, highly extroverted people are sociable, outgoing, and easily connect with others. In contrast,...
1.1K
Instinct Theory01:29

Instinct Theory

989
Instinct theory proposes that innate biological instincts, like animal behavioral patterns, primarily drive human behavior. These instincts are inborn, not learned, and are fundamental to decision-making and action. Just as animals rely on instincts for critical survival functions such as migration, nest building, and defense, humans are also believed to exhibit behaviors rooted in evolutionary needs. For example, the instinct to reproduce motivates sexual behavior, while territorial instincts...
989
Evolutionary Psychology01:20

Evolutionary Psychology

845
Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
845
The Behavioral Perspective on Personality01:19

The Behavioral Perspective on Personality

712
Behaviorists view personality as primarily shaped by environmental reinforcements and consequences. According to this perspective, behavior is influenced by external stimuli, and individuals adjust their actions based on rewards and punishments. Over time, learning histories — accumulated patterns of reinforcement — play a significant role in shaping personality. Behaviors that lead to positive outcomes are reinforced, while those resulting in negative outcomes are diminished.
712

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Predation by squirrel monkeys and double-toothed kites on tent-making bats.

American journal of primatology·2020
Same author

Differentiall behavioral and adrenocortical responses to stress among three macaque species.

American journal of primatology·2020
Same author

ACTH and glucocorticoid responses under two conditions of stress in macaques.

American journal of primatology·2020
Same author

Heart rate patterns under stress in three species of macaques.

American journal of primatology·2020
Same author

Male residence and association patterns in Costa Rican squirrel monkeys (Saimiri oerstedi).

American journal of primatology·2020
Same author

Vocal coordination of troop movement among white-faced capuchin monkeys, Cebus capucinus.

American journal of primatology·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates
16:00

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Published on: November 11, 2011

22.9K

Temperament in nonhuman primates.

A Susan Clarke1, Sue Boinski2

  • 1Asher Center for the Study and Treatment of Depressive Disorders, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago and Harlow Primate Laboratory, University of Wisconsin, Madison.

American Journal of Primatology
|January 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Primate temperament studies now extend to individuals, species, and populations. Temperamental differences in primates are linked to social systems, demographics, and ecology, with evidence of genetic and experiential influences.

Keywords:
behavioral traitsindividual differencespersonalityreactivityspecies differencestemperament

More Related Videos

The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle
12:08

The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle

Published on: April 22, 2020

9.0K
Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems
08:42

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems

Published on: May 5, 2015

12.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates
16:00

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Published on: November 11, 2011

22.9K
The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle
12:08

The Use of Traditional Fear Tests to Evaluate Different Emotional Circuits in Cattle

Published on: April 22, 2020

9.0K
Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems
08:42

Assessment of Social Cognition in Non-human Primates Using a Network of Computerized Automated Learning Device ALDM Test Systems

Published on: May 5, 2015

12.5K

Area of Science:

  • Primate behavior and ecology
  • Comparative psychology
  • Evolutionary anthropology

Background:

  • The concept of temperament, initially studied in children, is increasingly applied to nonhuman primates.
  • Distinctions between temperament and personality are less clear in primate research compared to human studies.
  • Recent research identifies temperamental and personality variations among individual primates and across primate species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of temperament concept to nonhuman primates.
  • To summarize findings on primate temperament at individual, population, and species levels.
  • To explore influences and evolutionary aspects of primate temperament.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing studies on nonhuman primate temperament.
  • Analysis of associations between temperamental characteristics and factors like age, sex, and rank.
  • Examination of links between species-level temperamental profiles and their social systems, demographics, and ecology.

Main Results:

  • Temperamental characteristics in individual primates correlate with age, sex, and social rank.
  • Species-level temperamental profiles are associated with differences in social structures, demographics, life history, and ecological factors.
  • Evidence suggests both genetic and experiential factors influence primate temperament.

Conclusions:

  • The concept of temperament is a valuable framework for understanding individual and group differences in nonhuman primates.
  • Primate temperament is influenced by a combination of genetic predispositions and environmental experiences.
  • Understanding primate temperament provides insights into social behavior, ecology, and evolutionary pathways.