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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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RNA Splicing01:32

RNA Splicing

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Splicing is the process by which eukaryotic RNA is edited before its translation into protein. The RNA strand transcribed from eukaryotic DNA is called the primary transcript. The primary transcripts that become mRNAs are called precursor messenger RNAs (pre-mRNAs). Eukaryotic pre-mRNA contains alternating sequences of exons and introns. Exons are nucleotide sequences that code for proteins, whereas introns are the non-coding regions. In RNA splicing, introns are removed and exons are bonded...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos
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Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

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Long non-coding RNA in bladder cancer.

Yuepeng Cao1, Tian Tian2, Weijian Li3

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine, Jiangsu Cancer Hospital, Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Nanjing, China; Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, The Affiliated Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry
|January 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are crucial in bladder cancer (BC) progression and metastasis. Specific lncRNAs like H19 and MALAT1 are implicated, with potential for diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
Bladder cancerEMTLong noncoding RNAMetastasis

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Last Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos
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Repression of Multiple Myeloma Cell Growth In Vivo by Single-wall Carbon Nanotube SWCNT-delivered MALAT1 Antisense Oligos

Published on: December 13, 2018

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Bladder cancer (BC) is a significant global health concern, particularly in males, with declining survival rates as the disease progresses.
  • The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key process in BC invasion and metastasis, but its molecular drivers remain incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in bladder cancer (BC) pathogenesis, focusing on their involvement in the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and metastasis.
  • To identify potential noninvasive biomarkers and therapeutic strategies involving lncRNAs for BC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating lncRNAs in bladder cancer.
  • Analysis of lncRNAs implicated in BC cell invasion, metastasis, and EMT.
  • Evaluation of lncRNAs as potential biomarkers in urine and blood exosomes.
  • Review of lncRNA-based therapeutic approaches, including antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and DNA plasmids.

Main Results:

  • Several lncRNAs, including H19, UCA1, and MALAT1, are significantly involved in promoting the malignant phenotype of BC and regulating EMT signaling.
  • Specific lncRNAs such as MALAT1, PCAT-1, and SPRY4-IT1, along with exosomal H19 and PTENP, show promise as noninvasive biomarkers for BC detection.
  • Therapeutic strategies using antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and the DNA plasmid BC-819 have demonstrated potential in preclinical and clinical settings.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs play a critical role in bladder cancer (BC) development, invasion, and metastasis by regulating EMT pathways.
  • Certain lncRNAs hold significant potential as noninvasive biomarkers for early detection and monitoring of BC.
  • lncRNA-targeted therapies represent a promising avenue for future BC treatment strategies.