Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Minerals01:26

Minerals

1.0K
Minerals are essential nutrients that the human body needs in small amounts to work properly. They play a vital role in many bodily functions, such as building strong bones and transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals are needed for hormone production or to maintain a normal heartbeat. Major minerals include calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, while trace minerals include iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium.
 
Major...
1.0K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

127.1K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
127.1K
Introduction to Electrolytes01:33

Introduction to Electrolytes

14.9K
In humans, electrolytes play a vital role in various physiological processes. Balancing electrolyte levels is essential for normal body functions; their imbalance can be life-threatening. The major electrolytes include sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphate, and bicarbonate. They are primarily involved in physiological processes, such as nerve signal transmission, membrane trafficking, muscle contraction, buffering body fluids, and balancing water levels in the body.
Role of Sodium
One...
14.9K
Essential Minerals for Bone Health01:31

Essential Minerals for Bone Health

5.8K
The minerals contained in all of the food we consume are essential for our organ systems. However, certain essential minerals, such as calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and fluoride, largely affect bone health.
Calcium and Phosphorus
Calcium is a critical component of bones, especially in the form of calcium phosphate and calcium carbonate. Since the body cannot make calcium, it must be obtained from the diet. However, calcium cannot be absorbed from the small intestine without...
5.8K
Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate01:27

Roles of Electrolytes: Calcium and Phosphate

1.0K
Calcium and phosphate are essential electrolytes in the human body, with calcium being the most abundant mineral. Around 99% of the body's calcium is stored in the skeleton and teeth, forming a crystal lattice of mineral salts in combination with phosphates. Calcium plays crucial roles in various bodily functions such as blood clotting, neurotransmitter release, muscle tone maintenance, and nervous and muscle tissue excitability.
The calcium concentration in blood plasma is primarily...
1.0K
Chemistry of the Cell02:58

Chemistry of the Cell

46.8K
The cell is chemically composed of water, organic molecules and inorganic ions.
Water
The polarity of the water molecule and its resulting hydrogen bonding makes water a unique substance with special properties that are intimately tied to the processes of life. Life originally evolved in an aqueous environment, and most of an organism’s cellular chemistry and metabolism occur inside the aqueous contents of the cell’s cytoplasm. Special properties of water are its high heat capacity...
46.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Relationships between Toenail, Urinary, and Drinking-water Fluoride Concentrations in a Pregnancy Cohort using Private Water Systems in the United States.

Biological trace element research·2026
Same author

The effect of silver diamine fluoride on the remineralization of early enamel carious lesions under pH-cycling conditions.

JADA foundational science·2026
Same author

Fluoride-Free Mouthwashes Available Over-The-Counter in the US-An Overview.

International journal of dental hygiene·2026
Same author

Experimental polymer-based toothpastes protection against enamel demineralization.

Journal of dentistry·2026
Same author

Laboratory evaluation of the erosive potential of fluoride-free mouthwashes using a dental erosion simulation model.

American journal of dentistry·2026
Same author

Erosion Potential of Commercial Fluoride-Free Mouthwashes on Dental Hard Tissues.

International journal of dental hygiene·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Measurement of Total Calcium in Neurons by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis
11:42

Measurement of Total Calcium in Neurons by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: November 20, 2013

12.3K

Chapter 3: Macroelements: Ca, Na, K, P, Cl.

Frank Lippert1

  • 1Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA, flippert@iu.edu.

Monographs in Oral Science
|January 16, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dietary macroelements like calcium and phosphate are vital for oral health, impacting tooth loss, caries, and periodontal disease. Ensuring adequate intake is crucial for maintaining healthy teeth and bones, though more research is needed on other macroelements.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
14:55

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: June 24, 2018

9.6K
Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

9.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Measurement of Total Calcium in Neurons by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis
11:42

Measurement of Total Calcium in Neurons by Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: November 20, 2013

12.3K
Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis
14:55

Analysis of Minerals Produced by hFOB 1.19 and Saos-2 Cells Using Transmission Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Microanalysis

Published on: June 24, 2018

9.6K
Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons
09:04

Recording Gamma Band Oscillations in Pedunculopontine Nucleus Neurons

Published on: September 14, 2016

9.0K

Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Oral Health Research
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Dietary intake comprises diverse organic and inorganic compounds.
  • Five macroelements—calcium, potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and chlorine—are present in significant quantities in food.
  • These macroelements play a critical role in maintaining overall health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the importance of dietary macroelements in oral health.
  • To examine their specific roles in tooth loss, dental caries, erosive tooth wear, and periodontal disease.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on the impact of macroelements on oral health outcomes.
  • Analysis of existing studies on calcium and phosphate supplementation and their effects.
  • Identification of research gaps concerning other dietary macroelements.

Main Results:

  • Calcium and phosphate are essential for mineralized tissues, crucial for teeth and bone health and retention.
  • Calcium supplementation shows promise in improving oral health and reducing beverage erosivity.
  • Adequate calcium intake is important for periodontal health, though evidence is still developing.
  • Phosphate supplementation's effect on caries incidence is inconclusive, with early studies in children yielding unsuccessful results.

Conclusions:

  • Adequate intake of calcium and phosphate is fundamental for maintaining oral health and preventing dental issues.
  • Further well-controlled studies are necessary to fully understand the roles of all dietary macroelements, including potassium, sodium, and chlorine, in oral health.
  • Current evidence suggests a significant role for calcium, while the impact of other macroelements requires more comprehensive investigation.