Clinical evaluation of foot and ankle dysfunction

Patients with foot and ankle dysfunction require a systematic approach in the evaluation process. An outline of the procedure is provided using the problem-oriented record system as a basis. Subjective data describe the patient's feelings toward the problem and goals concerning it. Objective data encompass several areas, including a detailed history; general posture; soft tissue structures; functional capacity; and the circulatory, musculoskeletal, and neuromuscular systems. The data are reviewed, and an accurate assessment of the nature and cause(s) of the dysfunction are made. Realistic goal statements are then written to prepare for successful treatment planning.