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Initial factor exploration of disability identity.

Anjali J Forber-Pratt1, Gabriel J Merrin2, Carlyn O Mueller1

  • 1Department of Human and Organizational Development, Vanderbilt University.

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This study explored disability identity in adults, identifying four key factors: internal beliefs, frustration, community values, and contributions. This research enhances understanding of disability identity development for future interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Sociology of Disability

Background:

  • Disability identity development is a complex process.
  • Existing research often lacks a comprehensive framework for understanding diverse disability experiences.
  • A validated tool is needed to explore disability identity across various groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct an initial factor exploration of disability identity using a broad definition of disability.
  • To examine preliminary psychometric characteristics of a new adult self-report tool.
  • To include individuals with visible and hidden disabilities across physical, intellectual, learning, and mental health categories.

Main Methods:

  • Developed 102 items for a pilot measure.
  • Administered the pilot measure to 566 adults with disabilities.
  • Conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using WLSMV estimator and expert review.

Main Results:

  • Retained 37 items forming four distinct factors: internal beliefs, anger/frustration, adoption of community values, and contribution to the community.
  • The pilot measure demonstrated good alignment with its guiding theoretical framework.
  • Identified key components of disability identity across a diverse sample.

Conclusions:

  • This factor exploration contributes to the literature on disability identity development.
  • The findings offer a more comprehensive understanding of disability identity.
  • This work provides a foundation for future scale development and validation, potentially informing interventions for disabled clients.