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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

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Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or...
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Ion-Exchange Chromatography01:09

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Ion-exchange chromatography, or IEC, is a technique for separating ions based on their affinity for the stationary phase. The stationary phase is a cross-linked polymer resin with covalently attached ionic functional groups. The functional groups can be either positively charged (cation exchangers) or negatively charged (anion exchangers). A cation exchanger consists of a polymeric anion and active cations, while an anion exchanger is a polymeric cation with active anions. The choice of...
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In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
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Ultrahigh Ionic Exclusion through Carbon Nanomembranes.

Yang Yang1,2, Roland Hillmann1, Yubo Qi1

  • 1Faculty of Physics, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|January 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel carbon nanomembrane (CNM) for efficient water purification. This TPT-CNM material enables rapid water flow while effectively rejecting ions, offering superior separation performance.

Keywords:
2D materialsnanofluidicsself-assembled monolayersub-nanometer channelswater purification

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Separation Science

Background:

  • Single-file water transport in nanoconduits inspires advanced membrane development.
  • A need exists for materials with high water flux and excellent ion rejection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a novel carbon nanomembrane (CNM) for high-performance water separation.
  • To investigate the water transport and ion rejection properties of terphenylthiol (TPT) CNMs.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 1.2 nm thick carbon nanomembrane (CNM) using cross-linked terphenylthiol (TPT) self-assembled monolayers.
  • Measurement of membrane resistance and ion transport properties in chloride solutions.
  • Demonstration of TPT CNM membrane composites in forward osmosis.

Main Results:

  • TPT CNMs exhibit an ultrahigh pore density (1 sub-nm channel nm-2) enabling rapid water passage.
  • Efficient hindrance of ion translocation, including protons, resulting in high membrane resistance (≈104 Ω cm2).
  • Single CNM channels show ≈108 higher resistance than lipid membrane channels and carbon nanotubes.

Conclusions:

  • TPT CNMs offer a promising material for water purification due to rapid water flow and superior ion rejection.
  • The separation mechanism involves steric hindrance, electrostatic repulsion, and entrance effects.
  • This work presents a simple route to 2D membranes via molecular self-assembly for selective and fast separations.