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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Creating Virtual-hand and Virtual-face Illusions to Investigate Self-representation
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The rubber hand illusion is influenced by self-recognition.

A O'Dowd1, F N Newell1

  • 1School of Psychology and Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.

Neuroscience Letters
|January 17, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Visual self-recognition impacts the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI). Individuals who cannot recognize their own hand show greater proprioceptive drift and faster RHI onset, suggesting memory influences body representation plasticity.

Keywords:
MultisensoryPerceptual body imageProprioceptive driftRubber hand illusionSelf-recognition

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Perception

Background:

  • Susceptibility to the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) highlights how visuotactile input modulates body ownership.
  • Object embodiment is limited, suggesting body ownership relies on a 'goodness-of-fit' with one's own body schema.
  • Individual differences in body image perception hint at a role for visual self-recognition in RHI susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of visual self-recognition on the subjective experience of the RHI.
  • To measure proprioceptive drift and RHI onset time in relation to self-recognition ability.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of RHI experience between individuals who can and cannot visually identify their own hand.
  • Measurement of subjective RHI experience, proprioceptive drift, and RHI onset time.

Main Results:

  • No significant group differences in the subjective experience of the RHI were observed.
  • Non-recognisers exhibited greater proprioceptive drift compared to the self-recognition group.
  • Non-recognisers demonstrated an earlier onset time for the RHI than the self-recognition group.

Conclusions:

  • Findings suggest a connection between long-term visual body representations and the plasticity of body representation.
  • Self-recognition ability may influence the dynamics of body ownership illusions, specifically proprioceptive recalibration.