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Sleep Patterns, Problems and Ecology among Toddlers in Families with a Child Protective Services Maltreatment

Jonika B Hash1, Monica L Oxford2, Teresa M Ward3

  • 1Department of Biobehavioral Nursing & Health Informatics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|January 17, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Toddlers in families referred to Child Protective Services (CPS) exhibit common behavioral sleep issues. Their sleep patterns differ from the general population, highlighting a need for targeted interventions.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Sleep Medicine
  • Child Welfare Research
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Sleep disturbances are prevalent in early childhood.
  • Child maltreatment can significantly impact a child's development and well-being.
  • Understanding sleep ecology in vulnerable populations is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize sleep patterns and problems in toddlers (13-36 months) from families with Child Protective Services (CPS) maltreatment referrals.
  • To compare sleep duration in a subgroup of these toddlers (24-36 months) with population-based data.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a longitudinal study involving 113 parent-toddler dyads referred to CPS.
  • Parental reports on toddler sleep were collected at two time points, approximately six months apart.

Main Results:

  • Mean nighttime sleep duration was approximately 11 hours, with 17-24% experiencing frequent nighttime awakenings.
  • Behavioral sleep problems like difficulty falling asleep (33-34%) and sleeping alone (25-26%) were common.
  • Compared to population data, CPS-referred toddlers had longer nighttime sleep (43 min) but shorter nap durations (46 min).

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral sleep problems are frequent in toddlers from families involved with CPS.
  • The distribution of sleep, not total sleep time, significantly differs between CPS-referred toddlers and the general population.
  • Healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, can play a vital role in promoting sleep health for these children.
Abstract

Keywords:
Child Protective ServicesChild maltreatmentSleepToddlers

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