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Photoplethysmographic Waveform in Hyperbaric Environment.

Maria Dolores Pelaez Coca, Alberto Hernando, Carlos Sanchez

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |January 18, 2020
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    Summary

    Photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal morphology changes under hyperbaric conditions. Increased atmospheric pressure significantly alters PPG pulse width, indicating sympathetic nervous system activation, while amplitude and slopes decrease with prolonged exposure.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physiology
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Hyperbaric Medicine

    Background:

    • The photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal reflects cardiovascular changes.
    • Understanding PPG signal behavior in extreme environments like hyperbaric chambers is crucial for monitoring physiological responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To identify significant morphological variations in the PPG signal during exposure to increased atmospheric pressure.
    • To investigate the relationship between hyperbaric exposure and PPG signal parameters.

    Main Methods:

    • Recorded PPG signals from 26 subjects exposed to pressures up to 5 atm in a hyperbaric environment.
    • Analyzed 4-minute PPG segments from basal (1 atm) and hyperbaric states (3 atm descending, 5 atm, 3 atm ascending, 1 atm ascending).
    • Extracted six morphological parameters: pulse width, amplitude, anacrotic and catacrotic phase widths, and upward/downward slopes.

    Main Results:

    • Significant increases observed in PPG pulse width parameters, particularly the anacrotic phase width, across all analyzed hyperbaric states.
    • Significant decreases noted in PPG signal amplitude and pulse slopes, especially during prolonged exposure (1 atm ascending state).
    • PPG width rapidly responded to pressure increases, suggesting sympathetic system activation.

    Conclusions:

    • Hyperbaric pressure significantly alters PPG signal morphology, with pulse width being a sensitive indicator of acute pressure changes and sympathetic response.
    • Prolonged hyperbaric exposure leads to decreased PPG amplitude and slopes, indicating potential physiological adaptations or stress.
    • PPG analysis offers a valuable, non-invasive tool for monitoring cardiovascular adjustments in hyperbaric environments.