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Related Concept Videos

Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

10.5K
Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
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Whole Cell Patch Clamp for Investigating the Mechanisms of Infrared Neural Stimulation
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Infrared Laser Pulses Excite Action Potentials in Primary Cortex Neurons In Vitro.

Qing L Xia, Man Q Wang, Bin Jiang

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |January 18, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    Pulsed infrared laser stimulation can excite neural network activity in cultivated rat cortex neurons. This study demonstrates a new optical method for modulating central nervous system (CNS) activity in vitro.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Biomedical Engineering
    • Optical Physics

    Background:

    • Infrared neural modulation (INM) is established in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) but less explored in the central nervous system (CNS).
    • Investigating novel methods for CNS modulation is crucial for understanding neural function and developing therapies.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the feasibility of using pulsed infrared (IR) laser at 1940 nm to excite neuronal network activity in cultivated rat cortex neurons.
    • To characterize the effects of different pulse durations on neural responses and estimate temperature changes.

    Main Methods:

    • Cultured rat cortex neurons were grown on multi-electrode arrays (MEAs).
    • Pulsed IR laser (1940 nm, 600 mW, 10 Hz) with varying pulse durations (200 μs to 1 ms) was used for stimulation.
    • Spike rate and frequency components analyzed; temperature rise modeled.

    Main Results:

    • IR irradiation with pulse durations of 800 μs and 1 ms successfully excited neuronal action potentials.
    • Significant temperature increases (18.5 °C and 23.9 °C) were observed for these pulse durations.
    • Demonstrated an optical method for modulating CNS neural network activity in vitro.

    Conclusions:

    • Pulsed 1940 nm IR laser can excite neuronal activity in rat cortex cultures, offering a novel INM approach for the CNS.
    • MEA recording combined with laser microscopy provides a platform for future INM mechanism studies in CNS neurons.
    • This research expands the understanding of INM beyond the PNS, opening avenues for CNS research and potential applications.