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Pediatric Brain Tissue Segmentation from MRI using Clustering: a Preliminary Study.

S Rosati, B Toselli, M M Fato

    Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
    |January 18, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new atlas-free brain tissue segmentation (afBTS) algorithm shows promise for pediatric MRI. This clustering-based method effectively segments White Matter and Cerebrospinal Fluid in neonates, comparable to standard methods.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Pediatric Radiology
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Developing brains in neonates present unique challenges for accurate brain tissue segmentation (BTS).
    • Existing atlas-based methods may not fully capture the anatomical variability in pediatric populations.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and evaluate a novel atlas-free brain tissue segmentation (afBTS) algorithm for pediatric MRI.
    • To assess the performance of afBTS using clustering techniques on neonatal brain MR images.

    Main Methods:

    • The afBTS algorithm utilizes axial T1, T2, and FLAIR MRI sequences.
    • Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) is identified using Region Growing, followed by k-means clustering for White Matter (WM) and Grey Matter (GM) separation.
    • The algorithm was applied to 13 neonates and results were compared against an atlas-based approach.

    Main Results:

    • afBTS demonstrated promising preliminary results in segmenting neonatal brain tissues.
    • Reconstruction of WM and CSF achieved image quality comparable to standard reference methods.
    • Segmentation quality for GM was noted to be lower compared to WM and CSF.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed atlas-free BTS algorithm is a viable approach for pediatric brain MRI analysis.
    • Further refinement of the GM segmentation component is warranted for improved accuracy.
    • This method holds potential for advancing neuroimaging research in neonates and young children.