Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure I: Introduction01:27

Heart Failure I: Introduction

617
Heart failure refers to a clinical syndrome caused by structural or functional cardiac disorders that prevent the heart from pumping an adequate amount of blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. This condition often arises from myocardial infarction or ischemia, leading to decreased cardiac output, reduced tissue perfusion, impaired gas exchange, fluid volume imbalance, and decreased functional ability.Heart failure can result from disruptions in the mechanisms that regulate cardiac output...
617
Pathophysiology of Heart Failure01:17

Pathophysiology of Heart Failure

2.6K
Heart failure (HF) is a progressive syndrome involving ventricles that leads to inadequate cardiac output. It can be classified based on location and output or ejection fraction. Ejection fraction (EF) is an essential measurement in the diagnosis and surveillance of HF. Reduced EF corresponds to systolic heart failure (HFrEF). However, HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is becoming increasingly prevalent. Also known as diastolic HF, this form of HF is related to aging. The...
2.6K
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

607
Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...
607
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

364
The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
364
Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

251
Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
251
Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations01:26

Heart Failure III: Clinical Manifestations

389
Heart failure (HF) manifests primarily as dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention, resulting in peripheral and pulmonary edema. Symptoms may vary depending on which ventricle is more affected, left or right.Left-Sided Heart FailureAlso known as left ventricular failure, this condition results from the left ventricle's inability to fill or eject sufficient blood into the systemic circulation. It leads to pulmonary congestion, which occurs when the left ventricle fails to eject blood effectively...
389

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Ironing Out Possible Micronutrient Deficiencies Associated with Incretin Receptor Agonist-Based Therapies: Proposed Practical Strategies to Prevent and Manage Iron Deficiency.

Nutrients·2026
Same author

Frailty in elderly with a rare genetic disease: a geriatric score analysis in C1 inhibitor Hereditary Angioedema.

Frontiers in medicine·2026
Same author

Incidence of Dementia With Lewy Bodies in Salento, Italy: A Population-Based Study.

Neurology·2026
Same author

The inner fire: the shifting paradigm of complement system in aging.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Association between triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index and diabetic foot ulcers in adult inpatients with type 2 diabetes at hospital admission.

Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare·2026
Same author

Evaluation of bempedoic acid in elderly patients: real-world evidence from the REALIST study.

Frontiers in aging·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
03:52

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy

Published on: February 21, 2025

991

Sarcopenia and Heart Failure.

Francesco Curcio1, Gianluca Testa1,2, Ilaria Liguori1

  • 1Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.

Nutrients
|January 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Sarcopenia, or muscle loss, is common in heart failure (HF) and worsens outcomes. Treatments for HF, including exercise and nutrition, may also help patients with sarcopenia.

Keywords:
cachexiaelderlyheart failuremalnutritionphysical activitysarcopenia

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K
Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos
13:35

Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos

Published on: March 21, 2021

11.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Dec 30, 2025

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
03:52

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy

Published on: February 21, 2025

991
Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles

Published on: July 26, 2024

1.1K
Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos
13:35

Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos

Published on: March 21, 2021

11.5K

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Cardiology
  • Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Lean mass decline is a key factor in heart failure (HF) pathophysiology and progression.
  • Sarcopenia, characterized by muscle loss, significantly impairs physical performance and cardiorespiratory fitness in older HF patients.
  • Sarcopenia is often misdiagnosed as cachexia, despite distinct pathogenetic features in HF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the relationship between sarcopenia and heart failure (HF).
  • To differentiate the pathogenetic mechanisms of muscle wasting in sarcopenic versus cachectic HF patients.
  • To evaluate the potential benefits of common therapeutic strategies for both HF and sarcopenia.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on sarcopenia and heart failure pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of shared and distinct pathogenetic pathways including hormonal changes, malnutrition, and physical inactivity.
  • Examination of the impact of sarcopenia on HF development and cardiac function.

Main Results:

  • Heart failure can induce sarcopenia via hormonal changes, malnutrition, and inactivity, which are interconnected.
  • Sarcopenia can exacerbate HF through mechanisms like the pathological ergoreflex.
  • Cardiac muscle in sarcopenic HF patients exhibits non-functional hypertrophy, not atrophy.
  • Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in HF patients, contributing to poor prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Sarcopenia is a significant contributor to poor prognosis in heart failure (HF).
  • Common therapeutic strategies, including physical activity and nutritional interventions, show promise for both HF and sarcopenia.
  • Pharmacological, physical activity, and nutritional approaches may benefit patients with co-existing HF and sarcopenia.