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Related Concept Videos

Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

1.8K
Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...
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A Thrombotic Stroke Model Based On Transient Cerebral Hypoxia-ischemia
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Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: An undefined, relevant entity.

Antonio Ciacciarelli1, Giuliano Sette1, Franco Giubilei1

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Mental Health and Sensory Organs (NESMOS), "SAPIENZA" University of Rome, Sant'Andrea University Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
|January 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, or inadequate blood flow to the brain, is linked to neurocognitive disorders. This review explores conditions causing this progressive brain issue.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseCarotid stenosisChronic cerebral hypoperfusionHeart failureHypotensionNeurocognitive disorders

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion lacks a clear definition, often described as inadequate blood flow or impaired autoregulation.
  • It can manifest as sustained or intermittent states of inefficient hyperemia, affecting the whole brain or specific areas.
  • Conditions like heart failure, hypotension, and atherosclerosis are implicated in causing progressive brain disorders via chronic hypoperfusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of clinical conditions associated with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
  • To explore the pathogenic role of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in neurodegeneration-like progression of neurocognitive disorders.
  • To discuss the complex relationship between neuropathology, cerebral perfusion, and symptom progression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing data on chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.
  • Analysis of clinical conditions linked to inadequate brain blood flow.
  • Examination of neuroimaging findings and neuropathology in relation to cerebral perfusion.

Main Results:

  • Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a proposed mechanism for neurocognitive disorders and neurodegeneration.
  • Neuroimaging changes like white matter hyperintensities can occur without traditional cerebrovascular risk factors.
  • Pathological features such as demyelination and gliosis may arise from neuro-vascular unit dysfunction independent of vascular mechanisms.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is a significant factor in progressive brain disorders and neurocognitive decline.
  • The interplay between neuropathology, cerebral perfusion, and clinical symptoms requires further elucidation.
  • Understanding the diverse causes and mechanisms of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion is crucial for managing associated neurocognitive deficits.