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Updated: Dec 30, 2025

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The correlation between exposure to BPA and the decrease of the ovarian reserve.

Yuming Cao1,2, Xinlan Qu1,2, Zhang Ming1,2

  • 1Reproductive Medicine Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Wuhan, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology
|January 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Elevated bisphenol A (BPA) levels in follicular fluid correlate with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). BPA exposure in mice reduced ovarian reserve, indicating a potential link between BPA and reduced fertility.

Keywords:
Bisphenol A (BPA)decreased ovarian reservefollicular fluid

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Toxicology
  • Endocrinology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Bisphenol A (BPA) is an environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical with widespread human exposure.
  • Ovarian reserve, a key factor in female fertility, can be affected by various environmental and endogenous factors.
  • The potential impact of BPA on ovarian reserve remains an area of active investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between bisphenol A (BPA) levels and diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in women.
  • To evaluate the effects of BPA exposure on ovarian reserve markers in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Follicular fluid (FF) was collected from women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
  • BPA, anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), and estradiol (E2) levels were measured in FF using ELISA.
  • Mice were exposed to varying doses of BPA, and serum AMH, E2, and ovarian gene/protein expression were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Significantly higher BPA levels were found in the FF of DOR patients compared to non-DOR controls.
  • Lower AMH and E2 levels were observed in the FF of DOR patients.
  • BPA concentration in FF showed a negative correlation with AMH and E2 levels.
  • BPA exposure in mice led to decreased serum AMH and E2 levels and reduced AMH gene and protein expression.

Conclusions:

  • Increased BPA in follicular fluid may contribute to the development of diminished ovarian reserve.
  • Sub-chronic exposure to low-dose BPA can negatively impact ovarian reserve in female mice.
  • These findings suggest a potential role for BPA in female reproductive health decline.