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Related Experiment Videos

Drug testing on arrest-who benefits?

Marc Connor1, Gill Green2, Neale Thomas3

  • 1Office National Statistics, Segensworth Road, Titchfield, Hampshire, PO15 5RR, UK. marc.connor@ext.ons.gov.uk.

Health & Justice
|January 18, 2020
PubMed
Summary

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Drug testing on arrest (DToA) in England showed increased criminal justice drug treatment activities and strengthened care pathways. However, its effectiveness was limited for entrenched opiate users.

Area of Science:

  • Criminal Justice
  • Public Health
  • Addiction Science

Background:

  • The link between drug use and crime necessitates effective interventions within the criminal justice system.
  • Diversion programs aim to connect individuals with drug treatment at critical points, such as arrest.
  • The introduction of drug testing on arrest (DToA) presents a potential strategy for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the impact of implementing drug testing on arrest (DToA) in a low-crime area in England.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of DToA in facilitating engagement with drug treatment services.
  • To explore client and professional perspectives on the DToA process.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods study analyzing performance data from the National Drug Treatment Monitoring System and Drug Test Recorder.
Keywords:
Drug testingDrug treatmentOffender managementStrategic commissioningSystemsUK

Related Experiment Videos

  • Inclusion of semi-structured interviews with clients and criminal justice professionals involved in the DToA program.
  • Analysis of data from 2210 individuals tested 2861 times.

    • Main Results:

    • 42.0% of individuals tested positive for drugs.
    • Only 3% of those testing positive subsequently engaged with effective treatment.
    • Despite low direct engagement, overall treatment engagements within the criminal justice system increased from 20% to 26% year-on-year.
    • Clients and professionals found DToA to be an acceptable addition to the treatment pathway.
    • Interviews suggested arrest is a pivotal moment that may aid primary desistance from offending.

    Conclusions:

    • The staggered introduction of DToA complicated direct impact measurement, with potential 'displacement' effects noted.
    • DToA contributed to an overall improvement in criminal justice drug treatment system performance and strengthened care pathways.
    • Engagement barriers were identified for entrenched opiate users, limiting DToA's effectiveness in this population.
    • This study is the first to examine DToA implementation in a low-crime setting.