Genetic Polymorphism of Mismatch Repair Genes and Susceptibility to Prostate Cancer

Area of Science:

• Genetics
• Oncology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• DNA repair mechanisms, such as mismatch repair (MMR), are crucial for maintaining genomic stability.
• Genetic variations, including polymorphisms, can influence an individual's susceptibility to cancer.
• Prostate cancer (PCa) is a significant health concern, and understanding its genetic risk factors is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the association between specific polymorphisms in the MLH1 and MSH3 genes and the risk of developing prostate cancer (PCa).
• To analyze the MLH1 -93G>A (rs1800734) and MSH3 (rs26279) polymorphisms in relation to PCa susceptibility.

Main Methods:

• A case-control study was conducted with 175 PCa patients and 230 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) controls from the Iranian population.
• Genotyping of MLH1 and MSH3 polymorphisms was performed using the polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.

Main Results:

• No statistically significant differences in the genotype distributions of MLH1 (P = 0.4) and MSH3 (P ≈ 0.5) were observed between PCa cases and controls.
• The study found no significant associations between these polymorphisms and clinicopathological features of PCa, including cancer stage, tumor grade, perineural invasion, and vascular invasion.

Conclusions:

• The findings suggest that the investigated MLH1 and MSH3 polymorphisms do not significantly contribute to prostate cancer risk in the studied Iranian population.
• Further research with larger sample sizes and diverse populations may be warranted to fully elucidate the role of MMR gene polymorphisms in PCa etiology.