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Published on: August 25, 2014

Structural brain network development in children following prenatal methamphetamine exposure.

Annerine Roos^1,2, Jean-Paul Fouche³, Stefani du Toit¹

¹Department Psychiatry, SU/UCT MRC Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.

The Journal of Comparative Neurology

|January 19, 2020

Summary

Prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME) alters brain network development in children during early schooling. Children with PME showed different connectivity patterns and less network segregation compared to controls.

Keywords:

Brain Connectivity Toolbox FreeSurfer RRID:SCR_001847 RRID:SCR_004841 development graph theoretical analysis middle childhood prenatal methamphetamine exposure structural network connectivity

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Pediatric Neurology

Background:

Prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME) is linked to brain alterations in children.
Longitudinal data on structural brain connectivity changes in children with PME during early schooling are lacking.
Understanding early brain development is crucial for identifying at-risk children.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of PME on brain structural connectivity over the first two years of formal schooling (ages 6-8).
To examine how network connectedness and segregation change over time in children with and without PME.
To identify specific brain network alterations associated with PME during a critical developmental period.

Main Methods:

Longitudinal study design comparing children with and without PME.
Graph theoretical analysis of structural connectivity using brain imaging data.
Assessment of brain network changes at ages 6 and 8 years.

Main Results:

Children with PME exhibited increased global network connectivity in the superior parietal cortex and striatum.
Healthy controls showed increased connectivity in frontal and limbic hubs.
Children with PME displayed less change in the segregation of structural brain networks over time compared to controls.

Conclusions:

PME impacts the development of structural brain connectivity during early schooling.
Alterations in network connectivity and segregation in PME-exposed children may affect cognitive, behavioral, and emotional development.
Findings highlight the need for targeted support strategies for children with PME to promote lifelong brain health.