Colorectal cancer and trace elements alteration

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Oncology
• Environmental Health

Background:

• Trace elements are crucial for physiological processes, and their dysregulation is linked to various diseases, including cancer.
• Altered elemental concentrations can cause cellular damage, DNA injury, and oxidative stress.
• Previous research indicates a connection between elemental imbalances and cancer development.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and quantify differences in trace element concentrations between colorectal adenocarcinoma and adjacent healthy intestinal tissues.
• To explore the potential of trace element profiles as biomarkers for colorectal cancer.
• To establish a baseline for trace element analysis in colorectal cancer within the Balkan region.

Main Methods:

• Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was employed for elemental analysis.
• Samples were collected from 59 participants, including colon tumor tissue and adjacent healthy mucosa.
• Standard diagnostic procedures were used for patient diagnosis and sample acquisition.

Main Results:

• Significant differences in concentrations of Na, K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Se, Mn, Cd, Cr, and Hg were observed between cancerous and healthy tissues.
• The copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) tissue ratio was significantly elevated in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients compared to healthy individuals.
• A higher Cu/Zn ratio correlated with advanced stages of colorectal cancer.

Conclusions:

• The study highlights specific trace element alterations associated with colorectal cancer.
• The elevated Cu/Zn ratio may serve as a potential indicator for CRC progression.
• Findings provide valuable insights into elemental imbalances in the Balkan population's colorectal cancer, considering regional lifestyle and environmental factors.