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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Quantifying Learning in Young Infants: Tracking Leg Actions During a Discovery-learning Task
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Infants rationally decide when and how to deploy effort.

Kelsey Lucca1,2, Rachel Horton3, Jessica A Sommerville3,4

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. klucca@asu.edu.

Nature Human Behaviour
|January 22, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Infants rationally decide how and when to persist on challenging tasks. They integrate social cues and personal experience to adapt their problem-solving efforts, demonstrating early learning capabilities.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Development
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Human Learning

Background:

  • The capacity to regulate effort is fundamental for effective learning and problem-solving.
  • Understanding how infants develop this ability is crucial for developmental psychology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if infants can make rational inferences about when and how to persist on a novel problem-solving task.
  • To examine how social evidence and personal experience influence infant persistence.

Main Methods:

  • Infants observed an adult demonstrate a task, learning it was easy, difficult, or impossible.
  • Researchers tracked infant behavior, including time spent trying, force exerted, affect, and help-seeking.
  • Infants' persistence was analyzed in relation to social cues and their own task experience.

Main Results:

  • Infants adjusted their persistence strategies based on the perceived difficulty of the task and social evidence provided.
  • Infants dynamically integrated social input and first-hand experience to guide their efforts.
  • Expectations about task difficulty and abilities influenced infant's engagement and persistence.

Conclusions:

  • Infants demonstrate rational inference in regulating their problem-solving attempts.
  • Early learning involves flexibly integrating social information and personal experience for adaptive persistence.
  • This research sheds light on the development of self-regulated learning in infancy.