Paenibacillus ottowii sp. nov. isolated from a fermentation system processing bovine manure

Strain MS2379^T was isolated from a pasteurized solution sample from a predominantly anaerobic fermentation system processing bovine manure in Pilot Point, Texas. Phylogenetic analyses based on both 16S rRNA gene and rpoB gene sequences showed that MS2379^T was most closely related to Paenibacillus polymyxa (DSM 36^T), P. jamilae (DSM 13815^T), and P. peoriae (DSM 8320^T), yet DNA-DNA relatedness through DNA-DNA hybridization revealed only 22.6, 32.0 and 24.7 % relatedness to these three species respectively. Rod-shaped cells of strain MS2379^T are Gram-stain variable with sub-terminal, ellipsoidal, deforming endospores. The peptidoglycan contains meso-diaminopimelic acid (mDAP) and the predominant fatty acids are anteiso-C_15 : 0 (61.9 %) and anteiso-C_17 : 0 (11.6 %), confirming that strain MS2379^T has diagnostic features of other Paenibacillus species. The G+C content of MS2379^T is 45.9 mol%. Fermentation of glucose yields acid and gas end-products. The polar lipids found were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and glycolipids, but also included some unidentified lipids, aminolipids, aminoglycolipid, and phosphatidylmethylethanolamine. The growth range of MS2379^T was observed from 10-45 °C with optimal growth temperature at 30 °C. Growth was observed between pH 6-10 and up to 3 % NaCl. Unlike the most closely related Paenibacillus species, strain MS2379^T was negative in the Voges-Proskauer reaction. Nucleic acid, chemotaxonomic and biochemical features support the distinctiveness of strain MS2379^T. Thus, strain MS2379^T represents a novel species of the genus Paenibacillus for which the name Paenibacillus ottowii sp. nov. is proposed with the type strain MS2379^T (=DSM 107750^T=ATCC TSD-165^T).