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Chronic Human Pegivirus 2 without Hepatitis C Virus Co-infection
Emerging Infectious Diseases
|January 22, 2020
Summary
Human pegivirus 2 (HPgV-2) infections are often linked to hepatitis C virus (HCV). This study found HPgV-2 can cause chronic infection, even without HCV, in injection drug users.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Human pegivirus 2 (HPgV-2) infections are frequently observed alongside hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections.
- HPgV-2 is considered a bloodborne virus, with higher infection rates in populations exposed parenterally to viruses.
- Injection drug users (IDUs) represent a key population for studying bloodborne viral infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the prevalence and chronicity of active and resolved HPgV-2 infections in injection drug users (IDUs).
- To determine if HPgV-2 infection can establish and persist independently of HCV infection.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinally collected blood samples from IDUs were analyzed.
- A combination of HPgV-2-specific molecular and serologic tests were employed.
- Participants were stratified based on their hepatitis C virus (HCV) status.
Main Results:
- HPgV-2 infection was detected in 11.2% of HCV-positive IDUs versus 1.9% in HCV-negative IDUs.
- Chronic HPgV-2 infection (viremia >6 months) was identified in 5 participants.
- Three cases of chronic HPgV-2 infection occurred in the absence of HCV infection.
Conclusions:
- HPgV-2 can establish chronic infections independently of HCV.
- The findings highlight the potential for HPgV-2 to persist long-term in IDU populations, irrespective of HCV co-infection.
- Further research into HPgV-2 pathogenesis and transmission dynamics is warranted.
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