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Nonmonotonic behavior in dense assemblies of active colloids.

Natsuda Klongvessa1, Félix Ginot1, Christophe Ybert1

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Active matter systems exhibit unusual relaxation dynamics. Non-ergodic states like glasses and polycrystals show a non-monotonic response to particle activity, unlike passive systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics

Background:

  • Sediments of self-propelled Brownian particles exhibit complex dynamics across various densities.
  • Ergodic supercooled states can be mapped to passive glassy physics using effective temperature.
  • Non-ergodic states, such as glasses and polycrystals, present unique challenges in understanding their dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamical response of non-ergodic active matter systems to particle activity.
  • To understand the failure of mapping active non-ergodic states to passive glassy physics.
  • To generalize findings across different non-ergodic systems like glasses and polycrystals.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental study of self-propelled Brownian particles at varying densities.
  • Analysis of relaxation dynamics in non-ergodic glass and polycrystal states.
  • Measurement of domain sizes for correlated particle motion.

Main Results:

  • A non-monotonic response of relaxation dynamics to particle activity was observed in non-ergodic states.
  • The mapping of ergodic supercooled states to passive glassy physics fails beyond the glass transition.
  • Domain size also showed a non-monotonic response, correlating with slow relaxation.

Conclusions:

  • The failure to map non-ergodic active states to passive systems is linked to anisotropic relaxation mechanisms.
  • This non-monotonic response to activity is a general feature of non-ergodic active matter.
  • Anisotropic relaxation mechanisms specific to active matter govern the observed dynamics.