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Classical stochastic discrete time crystals.

F M Gambetta1, F Carollo1, A Lazarides2

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce a new model for discrete time crystals (DTCs) in a classical thermal system. Our findings reveal a novel phase transition to a robust DTC state, distinct from equilibrium phases.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Statistical Mechanics
  • Quantum Information

Background:

  • Discrete time crystals (DTCs) exhibit stable subharmonic responses to periodic driving.
  • Understanding DTCs in classical thermal settings remains an active research area.
  • The interplay between thermal dynamics, noise, and phase transitions in DTCs is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a general and simple paradigm for discrete time crystals in a classical thermal environment.
  • To investigate the existence and characteristics of a disorder-DTC order phase transition.
  • To explore the universality class of the observed phase transition and the nature of the DTC state.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a two-dimensional Ising model with thermal dynamics and a noisy periodic driving protocol.
  • Conducted extensive numerical simulations on large system sizes, leveraging the classical nature of the model.
  • Analyzed the system's behavior stroboscopically to observe phase transitions and identify universality classes.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a true disorder-DTC order phase transition as a function of noise strength.
  • Identified a robust discrete time crystal phase over a wide parameter range.
  • Showed that while the stroboscopic phase transition appears to belong to the 2D Ising universality class, the DTC is a genuine non-equilibrium state.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed paradigm offers a new route to realize and study discrete time crystals in classical thermal systems.
  • The discovered phase transition highlights the rich non-equilibrium physics possible in driven systems.
  • Speculated that systems with multiple competing thermal phases could exhibit DTC behavior when driven.