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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNAs in Vascular Eye Diseases.

Chi-Hsiu Liu1, Shuo Huang1, William R Britton1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

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|January 23, 2020
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators in eye development and disease. This review highlights their role in pathological ocular neovascularization, suggesting novel therapeutic targets for vision-threatening vascular eye diseases.

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AMD: biomarkereye diseasemicroRNAneovascularizationretinopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in biological processes and disease development.
  • Ocular neovascularization (NV) is a major cause of vision loss in various eye diseases.
  • Existing anti-angiogenic therapies have limitations, necessitating new therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the biogenesis and function of miRNAs in ocular development and disease.
  • To focus on the role of miRNAs in pathological ocular neovascularization.
  • To identify novel miRNA-based targets for treating vascular eye diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRNA biogenesis, function, and ocular diseases.
  • Analysis of research on miRNAs in human and animal models of retinopathies.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on miRNAs as regulators of ocular neovascularization.

Main Results:

  • miRNAs are integral to normal eye development and disease pathogenesis.
  • Specific miRNAs are implicated in regulating pathological ocular neovascularization.
  • miRNAs show potential as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for vascular eye diseases.

Conclusions:

  • miRNAs are critical regulators in the eye, with significant implications for vascular eye diseases.
  • Targeting miRNAs offers a promising strategy to combat ocular neovascularization.
  • Further research into novel miRNA targets can lead to innovative treatments for blindness.