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HMGA Genes and Proteins in Development and Evolution
Robert Vignali1, Silvia Marracci1
1Dipartimento di Biologia, Unità di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Abstract:
HMGA (high mobility group A) (HMGA1 and HMGA2) are small non-histone proteins that can bind DNA and modify chromatin state, thus modulating the accessibility of regulatory factors to the DNA and contributing to the overall panorama of gene expression tuning. In general, they are abundantly expressed during embryogenesis, but are downregulated in the adult differentiated tissues. In the present review, we summarize some aspects of their role during development, also dealing with relevant studies that have shed light on their functioning in cell biology and with emerging possible involvement of HMGA1 and HMGA2 in evolutionary biology.
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