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Synthetic vascular graft fabrication by a precipitation-flotation method
R R Kowligi1, W W von Maltzahn, R C Eberhart
1Biomedical Engineering Program, University of Texas, Arlington 76019.
ASAIO Transactions
|July 1, 1988
Summary
Researchers developed a novel method for creating synthetic vascular grafts by spraying polymer fibers onto a water surface. This technique offers precise control over graft characteristics, enabling cost-effective and reliable fabrication.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Polymer Science
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Synthetic vascular grafts are crucial for replacing damaged or diseased blood vessels.
- Existing fabrication methods may face limitations in cost, safety, or control over graft properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and characterize a new, cost-effective technique for fabricating synthetic vascular grafts.
- To demonstrate control over graft morphology and mechanical properties through process variable manipulation.
Main Methods:
- A polymer solution was sprayed onto a flowing nonsolvent liquid (water) surface.
- Polymer fibers formed via precipitation and were collected on a rotating mandrel.
- Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze graft microstructure.
- Mechanical properties (tensile stress, elongation at break) and water permeability were measured.
Main Results:
- The graft walls comprised fused polymeric fibers in both circumferential and axial orientations.
- Interconnected pores were observed, with water permeabilities ranging from 0.05 to 7.0 ml/min-cm2.
- Tensile strength varied from 0.05 to 2.3 MPa, and elongation at break ranged from 150 to 600%.
Conclusions:
- The described spraying technique offers a safe, reliable, and inexpensive method for producing synthetic vascular grafts.
- Process variables allow for tunable control over fiber size, fusion, porosity, and mechanical characteristics.
- This technique holds promise for the development of customized vascular graft solutions.