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Related Experiment Videos

Vortex shedding in bileaflet heart valve prostheses.

J M Gross1, C D Shermer, N H Hwang

  • 1Cardiovascular Flow Dynamics Laboratory, University of Houston, Texas 77004.

ASAIO Transactions
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

This study compared St. Jude Medical (SJM) and Carbomedics (CMI) bileaflet heart valve prostheses (HVP) flow dynamics. Differences in vortex patterns and flow characteristics were observed between SJM and CMI HVPs in aortic and mitral positions.

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Digital particle image velocimetry investigation of the pulsating flow around a simplified 2-D model of a bileaflet heart valve.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Cardiovascular Science

Background:

  • Bileaflet heart valve prostheses (HVP) are crucial for cardiovascular health.
  • Understanding HVP hemodynamics is essential for optimizing patient outcomes.
  • Geometrically similar HVPs may exhibit distinct flow behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To dynamically compare the flow patterns of St. Jude Medical (SJM) and Carbomedics (CMI) bileaflet heart valve prostheses.
  • To investigate the influence of HVP design on intra-prosthetic flow dynamics.
  • To analyze vortex formation and flow characteristics in aortic and mitral positions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a pulsatile mock circulatory flow loop with physiologic conditions (70 bpm, 5.0 L/min).
  • Employed laser-based flow visualization with tracer particles for detailed flow field illumination.
  • Conducted frame-by-frame analysis of high-speed cine to capture phasic flow patterns and vortex dynamics.

Main Results:

  • In the aortic position, SJM showed a Karman-like vortex, while CMI exhibited symmetrical ejection flow.
  • In the mitral position, SJM displayed strong core flow during ventricular filling; CMI showed a diffuse pattern.
  • Vortices shed from both SJM and CMI were observed near the end of ventricular filling.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct flow patterns and vortex mechanisms exist between SJM and CMI bileaflet heart valve prostheses.
  • Leaflet boundary layer formation plays a role in the observed vortex dynamics.
  • HVP design significantly influences hemodynamic performance in simulated aortic and mitral positions.

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