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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Dec 30, 2025

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HEMOGLOBIN WAYNE VARIANT INTERFERING WITH HEMOGLOBIN A1C MEASUREMENT.

Maali Milhem, Mose July, Shahed Elhamdani

    AACE Clinical Case Reports
    |January 23, 2020
    PubMed
    Summary

    The hemoglobin Wayne variant can interfere with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test accuracy, leading to misdiagnosis and inappropriate diabetes treatment. Patient-physician communication is crucial for identifying such discrepancies.

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    Area of Science:

    • Clinical Chemistry
    • Hematology
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) is a key biomarker for diabetes mellitus (DM) management.
    • Accurate HbA1c measurement is critical for effective DM treatment titration.

    Observation:

    • Two patients with diabetes mellitus presented with discordant HbA1c results and blood glucose logs.
    • Hemoglobin electrophoresis revealed the presence of the hemoglobin Wayne variant in both patients.

    Findings:

    • The hemoglobin Wayne variant significantly interfered with high-performance liquid chromatography-based HbA1c assays, yielding falsely elevated results.
    • Subsequent immunoassay testing showed accurate HbA1c levels within the target range, with one patient not meeting DM diagnostic criteria.

    Implications:

    • Clinicians must consider hemoglobin variants as a potential cause of inaccurate HbA1c readings.
    • Establishing trust and open communication between patients and physicians is vital for recognizing and resolving such analytical interferences.
    • Accurate HbA1c testing is essential to prevent treatment errors and adverse patient outcomes.