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Updated: Dec 30, 2025

Expansion of Human Peripheral Blood γδ T Cells using Zoledronate
Published on: September 9, 2011
A DRAMATIC RESPONSE TO DENOSUMAB: PROTRACTED HYPOCALCEMIA RELATED TO HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE
Objective:
Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is known for its aggressive behavior, frequently presenting with hypercalcemia. ATL tumor cells uniquely secrete parathyroid hormone-related protein, viral peptides, and inflammatory cytokines, inducing a state of high bone turnover and activation of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway resulting in hypercalcemia.
Methods:
A 54-year-old woman diagnosed with ATL presented with severe hypercalcemia refractory to bisphosphonate therapy. Treatment with denosumab was followed by protracted hypocalcemia and hypophosphatemia lasting approximately 5 months.
Results:
Hypercalcemia due to acute ATL was responsive in this case to denosumab therapy.
Conclusion:
Clinicians should be aware of the possibility of protracted hypocalcemia in patients with ATL exposed to denosumab therapy.
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