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PARP inhibitors: a tsunami of indications in different malignancies

Gaëlle Haddad1, Marie Christelle Saadé1, Roland Eid1

  • 1Hematology & Oncology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.

Pharmacogenomics
|January 23, 2020
PubMed

Insights

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors offer new hope for BRCA-mutated cancers. These drugs are FDA-approved for ovarian, breast, and other cancers, with ongoing trials exploring combinations with checkpoint inhibitors.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Precision Medicine
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Precision medicine has transformed cancer treatment paradigms.
  • Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors target DNA repair pathways.
  • These inhibitors show particular efficacy in homologous recombination-deficient tumors, such as those with BRCA mutations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review FDA approvals of PARP inhibitors in specific gynecologic and breast cancers.
  • To summarize key clinical trial results for PARP inhibitors.
  • To highlight ongoing research combining PARP inhibitors with checkpoint inhibitors.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of FDA approvals for PARP inhibitors.
  • Analysis of published Phase I, II, and III clinical trials.
  • Identification of ongoing clinical trials investigating combination therapies.

Main Results:

  • Multiple PARP inhibitors (olaparib, rucaparib, niraparib, talazoparib) have received FDA approval since 2014.
  • These approvals are for ovarian, breast, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancers.
  • Numerous trials demonstrate significant efficacy, and combination studies are underway.

Conclusions:

  • PARP inhibitors represent a significant advancement in precision oncology.
  • Their efficacy in BRCA-mutated and other homologous recombination-deficient cancers is well-established.
  • Future research focuses on combination therapies to further enhance treatment outcomes.
Keywords:
breastPARP inhibitorscancerovarian

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