Design of Rapid Bacterial Identification System Based on Scattering of Laser Light and Classification of Binned Plots

The rapid detection and classification of bacterial pathogens have great medical utility, and widespread applications in clinical labs, intensive care units, and infectious disease departments. The Rapid Bacterial Identification System (RBIS) is based on the principle of variation in light scattering when the laser beam passes through bacterial microbes. The use of laser light scattering and classification of binned plots algorithm gives a new dimension for real-time identification of different pathogens without any biochemical processing. Bacterium identification device consists of an assembly of photodetectors surrounded by the bacterial sample at different angles. The photodetectors acquire the scattered light in form of peaks when the laser beam passes by the sample. The acquired peak values were used to create 3D histograms to evaluate the frequency of occurrence. However, the identification is based on creating two dimensional binned plots with the help of the frequency of occurrence of peak values across two photodetectors. The algorithm of the system consists of two parts: Library files and the Comparator. Library files contain data of bacterial species in form of binned plots, while comparator compares the data of test sample with library files. The classification of sample depends on the maximum resemblance of the number of binned plots with library files. The classification of Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli gives mean accuracies of 81.8%, 70.9%, and 71.4 %, respectively. The proposed system can be applied to future real-time intelligent theranostic systems for diagnosis and treatment of pathogenic diseases.