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Enhanced Adsorptive Desulfurization Using Mongolian Anthracite-Based Activated Carbon.

Divyam Jha1, Mohd Belal Haider1, Rakesh Kumar1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Jais 229304, India.

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Mongolian anthracite-based porous activated carbons (PMACs) effectively desulfurize diesel fuel by adsorbing dibenzothiophene (DBT). PMAC 1/3 and PMAC 1/4 achieved high DBT removal rates, indicating their potential for fuel purification.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Diesel fuel desulfurization is critical for reducing harmful emissions.
  • Porous activated carbons offer a promising adsorbent material for sulfur compound removal.
  • Mongolian anthracite is an underutilized resource for activated carbon production.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of Mongolian anthracite-based porous activated carbons (PMACs) for dibenzothiophene (DBT) removal from model diesel fuel.
  • To systematically study the effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, and temperature on adsorption capacity.
  • To elucidate the adsorption mechanism and thermodynamic properties.

Main Methods:

  • Adsorption experiments using PMAC 1/3 and PMAC 1/4 with a model diesel fuel containing 500 ppmw DBT in n-heptane.
  • Analysis of adsorption isotherms using Sips and dual site Langmuir models.
  • Kinetic studies employing pseudo second order and Weber-Morris models.
  • Thermodynamic analysis of Gibbs free energy, entropy, and enthalpy changes.

Main Results:

  • PMAC 1/3 and PMAC 1/4 achieved maximum DBT adsorption of 99.7% and 95.7%, respectively.
  • Adsorption kinetics followed pseudo second order behavior, with both surface and pore diffusion controlling the process.
  • Sips and dual site Langmuir isotherms accurately described the experimental data for PMAC 1/3 and PMAC 1/4, respectively.
  • The adsorption process was found to be spontaneous and exothermic.

Conclusions:

  • Mongolian anthracite-based porous activated carbons are effective adsorbents for DBT removal in diesel fuel desulfurization.
  • PMAC 1/4 exhibited greater surface diffusion control compared to PMAC 1/3.
  • The study provides a basis for designing batch-adsorber systems for efficient fuel desulfurization using PMAC 1/3.