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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
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Analysis of 18FDG PET/CT Imaging as a Tool for Studying Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Treatment in Non-human Primates
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X-Linked Hyper IgM Syndrome Presenting with Recurrent Tuberculosis-a Case Report.

V P Krishnan1, Prasad Taur2, Ambreen Pandrowala2

  • 1Department of Immunology and Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children, Mumbai, India. vpkrishnan89@gmail.com.

Journal of Clinical Immunology
|January 24, 2020
PubMed
Summary

Hyper IgM syndrome (HIGM) is a rare immunodeficiency. This case study highlights a rare presentation of X-linked HIGM in a child with recurrent tuberculosis, emphasizing the need for broader differential diagnoses.

Keywords:
Hyper IgMImmunodeficiencyImmunoglobulinTuberculosis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Genetics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Hyper IgM syndromes (HIGM) are rare primary immunodeficiency disorders with six described classes.
  • X-linked HIGM (Type 1 HIGM) is the most common variant, typically presenting in early infancy with combined immunodeficiency features.

Observation:

  • Tuberculosis is an exceptionally rare presenting symptom in patients with HIGM.
  • This report details a case of a child diagnosed with X-linked HIGM who experienced recurrent tuberculosis.

Findings:

  • The study describes a unique case of X-linked HIGM presenting with recurrent tuberculosis.
  • This presentation is highly unusual for HIGM, a condition primarily associated with combined immunodeficiency.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering HIGM in the differential diagnosis of recurrent infections, even with rare presentations like tuberculosis.
  • Early diagnosis and management of HIGM are crucial for preventing severe opportunistic infections and improving patient outcomes.